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What liquid detergent best reduces surface tension? Hypothesis:Tide will reduce surface tension most easily because of what I have seen advertised on television. Procedure:Get distilled water and a button that will float on the water. Place one drop of the first detergent with an eyedropper into the water. Keep adding one drop at a time until the button sinks. Record the number of drops of detergent. Try all the other detergents repeating the above steps. Repeat the entire experiment and average the results from both tries. After completing the surface tension test perform a cleaning test to show if surface tension is significant in removing dirt from cloth. Get four pieces of cotton T-shirt material. Put two cups of water into each of four bowls. Put one eighth cup of the four detergents into the four bowls. Hold a ceramic mug over a candle for one minute. Rub the ceramic black produced on one piece of cloth. Repeat the procedure to put ceramic black material on each of the other three cloths. Judge the darkness of each ceramic black stain with a gray scale. One at a time swish the piece of cloth in the bowl for two minutes. Do the same for the other three pieces of cloth. Let them dry overnight. See which of the detergents cleaned most of the ceramic black off. Judge the darkness of the ceramic black by using a gray scale.
Variables: My hypothesis was incorrect. Ultra reduced surface tension and thus made the button sink the fastest. Tide took the most drops to sink the button. Tide is also the most expensive of the detergents per ounce. Tide did the best cleaning the ceramic black off the piece of cloth. Tide made the stain go from a 0 to 60 on the gray scale. Ultra came in third making the stain go from a 0 to 40 on the gray scale. It looks contradicting to see that Tide cleaned the most dirt off of the cloth but took the most drops to reduce the surface tension. Perhaps a couple of drops of detergent does not really make a difference to its cleaning ability. Biblical Application:Psalm 51:2 says, "Wash away all my iniquity and cleanse me from my sin." Just as detergents wash away dirt, God washes the sins out of our hearts. The job of detergents is to reduce the surface tension of the water so that the water can clean the material. God sent His Son, Jesus, down on earth to pay the penalty for our sins. He loved you so much He died for you, making you acceptable to God. If you ask for forgiveness of your sins, Jesus will make your heart as white as snow. |
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300 Cromwell Street, Phillipsburg, New Jersey 08865 |
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2nd Place, 8th Physical Science, PCA Science Fair